Menopause

Dr. Marina Bellavia

Medical director and gynecologist specializing
in reproductive medicine

Dr. Kelly Cabrilo

Specialist in gynecology and obstetrics

Menopause

The most pronounced symptoms of menopause often occur before the complete cessation of menstruation. They are related to hormonal changes that occur during this transitional period.

These problems are unpredictable and fluctuate greatly from month to month. Their intensity also varies from one woman to another: some experience only the cessation of menstruation, while others (about 20-30% of women) experience moderate or severe symptoms.

The body changes, the waist thickens due to different fat distribution, and the skin becomes drier, all of which can be experienced as a loss of femininity.

Psychological and medical support can help with this transition. A reduction in hot flashes and sweating restores restful sleep and energy, while hormone replacement therapy can provide relief. A specialized and targeted multidisciplinary intake can improve the symptoms listed below to have the best possible quality of life.

Hot flashes and night sweats: Feelings of intense heat, sweating, and palpitation can last from a few seconds to a few minutes. They are often felt first in the abdomen or chest, then move to the neck and face within seconds. The frequency and intensity vary greatly from one woman to another. Hot flashes are the main reason women decide to seek help. If they occur at night, they can significantly reduce sleep quality and cause significant fatigue.
Mood disorders: Other symptoms of menopause include mood disorders, difficulty concentrating, lack of energy, and anxiety attacks.

It is important to note that menopause does not automatically lead to depression. It also represents an opportunity to free oneself from certain constraints, such as contraception.

Changes in the body: The lack of estrogen alters the production of collagen and elastin, resulting in a reduction in the quality of skin, hair and nails, which become drier, more brittle and fragile. Hormonal problems can lead to acne breakouts, hair loss or overgrowth, and osteoporosis (reduced bone density).
Weight gain: Slowing metabolism in menopausal women can lead to weight gain.

Exercise and abstinence from tobacco improve women’s health and longevity. Assessment of weight problems is a priority in menopausal management in order to provide patients with treatments that improve their quality of life and reduce the risk of complications.

Urinary incontinence: Involuntary loss of urine can occur at various ages, but often occurs in postmenopausal women.

Some medications act on overactivity of the bladder muscles. Hormonal treatment may be helpful in cases of estrogen deficiency, while antibiotics will be prescribed if a urinary infection is the cause of the problem. Surgery may be considered if perineal laxity is the cause of leakage. Re-education of the perineum is often indicated.

Sexuality and bladder problems: A reduction in mucus production in the vagina and bladder may be related to cessation of estrogen secretion by the ovaries. The result is a tendency to urinary tract infections and vaginal dryness. Coupled with decreased libido, this can lead to reduced quality of sex life.
Irregular cycles and premenstrual syndrome: Irregular cycles are a frequent occurrence, related to a reduction in the hormone function of the ovaries. After a series of examinations and tests, treatment will be tailored to the symptoms. This may be lifestyle and diet modifications or drug treatments.
Early menopause: Menopause occurring before the age of 40 requires specific treatment.